Factors Influencing Safety Nursing Activities of Nurses at a Nationally Designated Infectious Disease Hospital / 간호행정학회지

Purpose@#This study investigated patient safety culture, safety knowledge, incident reporting attitude, and safety nursing activities, and determined the factors influencing nurses’ safety nursing activities at a nationally designated infectious disease hospital. @*Methods@#A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted with 169 nurses. Data analysis, including descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlations, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis, were performed using SPSS 26.0. @*Results@#Factors influencing safety nursing activities included patient safety culture (β=.26, t=2.39, p=.018), safety knowledge (β=.25, t=2.67, p=.009), and mild severity (β=.17, t=2.52, p=.013). These variables explained 31.0% of the safety nursing activities. @*Conclusion@#Therefore, it is necessary to establish an organizational culture that emphasizes patient safety by establishing safety management regulations for quarantined patients and provision of education on patient safety for employees to empower them to respond to emerging infectious diseases. Additionally, it is essential to operate given the patient’s severity and to increase knowledge about patient safety through regular education based on quarantine facilities and environmental management regulations.

Development and Evaluation of a Self-management Mobile App for Adults with Osteoarthritis

Purpose@#This study aimed to develop a self-management mobile app for adults with osteoarthritis based on a selfdetermination theory to use it as a nursing intervention tool, and to evaluate the effects of the developed mobile app on adults' basic psychological needs, indexes of osteoarthritis, self-management and quality of life. @*Methods@#The 56 participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n=28) or the control group (n=28). The participants of the experimental group used a self-management mobile app for 12 weeks after the pretest, and two posttests were taken at the end of every 6 weeks. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS/WIN 25.0 for Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA. @*Results@#Basic psychological needs, indexes of osteoarthritis, self-management, and quality of life score of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group. @*Conclusion@#Our findings suggest that mobile app intervention can support improvements in psychological needs, symptoms of osteoarthritis and quality of life in adults with osteoarthritis. It is recommended that the developed mobile app be used as a nursing intervention tool for adults with osteoarthritis in the community.

Factors associated with the person-centered care competence of nursing students / 한국간호교육학회지

Purpose@#The main purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing person-centered care competence in nursing students. @*Methods@#The study was conducted in two universities located in the D and J cities of South Korea. Participants were 130 senior nursing students who had experienced clinical practice for at least 3 months. Data were collected from September 7-10, 2019, using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using a hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 23.0. @*Results@#The Factor influencing person-centered care competence was compassion competence (β=.49, p<.001) and the explanatory power of this variable was 30% (F=10.98, p<.001). @*Conclusion@#According to the results of this study, nursing faculties need to develop programs and learning content to enhance learners’ compassion competence for promotion of person-centered care competence.

Factors Influencing Post-traumatic Growth of Nurses at Nationally Designated Infectious Disease Hospital / 간호행정학회지

Purpose@#This study aimed to identify the factors that affect post-traumatic growth among frontline nurses during a COVID-19 pandemic. @*Methods@#This study included 187 nurses working in nationally designated infectious disease hospitals as participants. Data were collected from January 11 to March 2, 2021 using structured questionnaires. Independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regressions were performed to examine influencing factors of post-traumatic growth. @*Results@#Posst-traumatic growth was positively correlated with traumatic event experience (r=.26, p<.001), post-traumatic stress (r=.32, p<.001), supervisor support (r=.39, p<.001), and colleague support (r=.36, p<.001). Factors affecting post-traumatic growth were emotional support of supervisors (β=.76, p<.001) and evaluative support of colleagues (β=.46, p<.018). Overall, approximately 40.0% of the variability in post-traumatic growth was explained by these two variables. @*Conclusion@#To increase emotional support of supervisors and evaluative support of colleagues, the most influential factors for post-traumatic growth of frontline nurses who fought against COVID-19, a positive culture must be established. This includes horizontal communication, a safe working environment, and securing of appropriate nurse to patient ratio.

The Effect of Focusing Manner on Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Pain: The Sequential Mediating Effects of Social Support and Self-efficacy / 기본간호학회지

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to identify the sequential mediating effects of social support and self-efficacy in the relationship between focusing manner and quality of life in patients with chronic pain. @*Methods@#The participants were 192 patients with chronic pain who visited a university hospital in D city from August 25, 2020 to October 27, 2020. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 26.0, and mediating effects were evaluated using the PROCESS macro model 6. @*Results@#Social support(B=0.31; 95% CI=0.15~0.51) and self-efficacy(B=0.18; 95% CI=0.07~0.30) had mediating effects on the relationship between focusing manner and quality of life. Focusing manner did not directly affect quality of life; instead, social support and self-efficacy had sequential mediating effects on the relationship between focusing manner and quality of life(B=0.05; 95% CI=0.02~0.11). @*Conclusion@#The findings of this study indicate that social support and self-efficacy are important factors related to quality of life in patients with chronic pain. It is also expected that enhancing social support and self-efficacy can further improve quality of life among chronic pain patients.

Factors Affecting Nursing Intention for Patients with Emerging Infectious Diseases among Nurses in Hospitals Dedicated to COVID-19: A Focus on the Mediating Effects of Job Crafting / 기본간호학회지

Purpose@#This study aimed to identify the relationship between job complexity, infection prevention environment, and nursing intention for patients with emerging infectious diseases, with a focus on the mediating effect of job crafting in hospitals dedicated to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). @*Methods@#The study surveyed 202 nurses with at least 3 months of work experience who encountered COVID-19 patients at a dedicated COVID-19 hospital. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS/WIN 25.0, and the mediating effect was analyzed through the SPSS PROCESS macro, using regression analysis. @*Results@#It was demonstrated that job crafting fully mediated the relationship between job complexity and nursing intention for patients with emerging infectious diseases. Furthermore, this study showed that job crafting partially mediated the relationship between infection prevention environment and nursing intention for patients with emerging infectious diseases. @*Conclusion@#It was confirmed that job crafting of nurses in a hospital dedicated to COVID-19 was an important mediating factor in their nursing intention for patients with emerging infectious diseases, and this finding is expected to support efforts to further improve nursing intention for patients with emerging infectious diseases.

Usefulness of critical pathway for variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the emergency department for the treatment and prognosis of patients

Objective@#Endoscopic hemostasis is a key treatment for variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. However, the effects of early endoscopy in variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding have not been sufficiently studied. This study investigated the effects of the use of the critical pathway (CP) for upper gastrointestinal bleeding. @*Methods@#The study was designed as a ‘before and after’ study. A group of patients diagnosed with variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2014, and CP activated patients from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2018, were reviewed retrospectively. The study endpoints included an analysis of the following in the two groups: time from emergency department (ED) arrival to endoscopy, number of blood transfusions, hospitalization period, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, 30-day mortality. @*Results@#From January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2018, 207 patients were admitted with variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and 137 patients with a Blatchford score of 7 or higher were included in the study. Of these, 88 patients visited before the implementation of CP and 49 patients visited thereafter. The time from ED arrival to endoscopy was 218.1±201.7 minutes in the CP activated group, which was about 200 minutes shorter (P=0.046) than the non-CP group. There was no statistical difference in 30-day mortality, transfusion, emergency room hospitalization time, number of ICU admissions, and hospitalization days (P=0.348, P=0.394, P=0.651, P=0.164, and P=0.069). @*Conclusion@#After CP, the time to endoscopy was significantly shortened, but it did not reduce mortality.

Factors Influencing the COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions in Nurses: Korea, February 2021

Purpose@#This study aimed to identify the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination intentions in nurses. @*Methods@#The participants were 184 nurses in Korea. Data were collected using a Google Form online survey method in February, 2021, and analyzed using an independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis with the SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. @*Results@#COVID-19 vaccination intention in nurses was correlated significantly with vaccine hesitancy (r = .58, p < .001), risk perception of COVID-19 (r = .22, p = .003), perception of vaccination as a professional duty (r = .59, p < .001), and attitude towards workplace infection control policies (r = .20, p = .007). Vaccine hesitancy (β = .40, p < .001) and the perception of vaccination as a professional duty (β = .44, p < .001) significantly influenced COVID-19 vaccination intention. The model developed in this study explained 50% of the variation in COVID-19 vaccination intention. @*Conclusion@#Improving the perception of vaccination as a professional duty and lowering vaccine hesitancy may enhance nurses’ COVID-19 vaccination intention. Above all, it is necessary to provide programs to encourage voluntary recognition of vaccination as a professional duty and develop strategies to reduce hesitancy toward COVID-19 vaccinations.

Factors associated with Nurse’s Character of Nursing Students / 의료커뮤니케이션

Background@#: This study was to investigate the factors associated with nurse’s character of nursing students. @*Methods@#: The subjects in this study were 211 nursing students of 3 university, in 2 regions of South Korea. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires from March 2 to April 30, 2019, and analyzed using the IBM SPSS Win 25.0 program. @*Results@#: The significant predictors on nurse ‘s character of nursing students were nursing professionalism (β=.36), self-leadership (β=.34) and learning flow (β=.19). Theses variables explained 41.7% of the variance in nurse’s character of nursing students. @*Conclusion@#: These results highlight the importance of nurse’s character and can be used as meaningful data for intervention research to promote the self-leadership and learning flow.

External Validation of the Long Short-Term Memory Artificial Neural Network-Based SCaP Survival Calculator for Prediction of Prostate Cancer Survival / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

Decision-making for treatment of newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) is complex due to the multiple initial treatment modalities available. We aimed to externally validate the SCaP (Severance Study Group of Prostate Cancer) Survival Calculator that incorporates a long short-term memory artificial neural network (ANN) model to estimate survival outcomes of PCa according to initial treatment modality. Materials and Methods The validation cohort consisted of clinicopathological data of 4,415 patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven PCa between April 2005 and November 2018 at three institutions. Area under the curves (AUCs) and time-to-event calibration plots were utilized to determine the predictive accuracies of the SCaP Survival Calculator in terms of progression to castration-resistant PCa (CRPC)–free survival, cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS). Results Excellent discrimination was observed for CRPC-free survival, CSS, and OS outcomes, with AUCs of 0.962, 0.944, and 0.884 for 5-year outcomes and 0.959, 0.928, and 0.854 for 10-year outcomes, respectively. The AUC values were higher for all survival endpoints compared to those of the development cohort. Calibration plots showed that predicted probabilities of 5-year survival endpoints had concordance comparable to those of the observed frequencies. However, calibration performances declined for 10-year predictions with an overall underestimation. Conclusion The SCaP Survival Calculator is a reliable and useful tool for determining the optimal initial treatment modality and for guiding survival predictions for patients with newly diagnosed PCa. Further modifications in the ANN model incorporating cases with more extended follow-up periods are warranted to improve the ANN model for long-term predictions.

Relationships among Non-Nursing Tasks, Nursing Care Left Undone, Nurse Outcomes and Medical Errors in Integrated Nursing Care Wards in Small and Medium-Sized General Hospitals

Purpose@#This study aimed to identify the degree of non-nursing tasks and nursing care left undone in integrated nursing care wards, and examine their relationships with nurses’ burnout, job satisfaction, turnover intentions, and medical errors. @*Methods@#A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires from 346 nurses working in 20 wards of seven small and medium-sized general hospitals, and analyzed using multiple regression and multiple logistic regression analysis with the SPSS WIN 25.0 program. @*Results@#The mean score for non-nursing tasks was 7.32±1.71, and that for nursing care left undone was 4.42 ± 3.67. An increase in non-nursing tasks (β = .12, p = .021) and nursing care left undone (β = .18, p < .001) led to an increase in nurses’ burnout (F = 6.26, p < .001). As nursing care left undone (β = .13, p = .018) increased, their turnover intentions also (F = 3.96, p < .001) increased, and more medical errors occurred (odds ratio 1.08, 95% confidence interval 1.02~1.15). @*Conclusion@#Non-nursing tasks and nursing care left undone are positively associated with nurses’ burnout, turnover intentions, and the occurrence of medical errors. Therefore, it is important to reduce non-nursing tasks and nursing care left undone in order to deliver high quality nursing care and in turn increase patient safety.

External Validation of the Long Short-Term Memory Artificial Neural Network-Based SCaP Survival Calculator for Prediction of Prostate Cancer Survival / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

Decision-making for treatment of newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) is complex due to the multiple initial treatment modalities available. We aimed to externally validate the SCaP (Severance Study Group of Prostate Cancer) Survival Calculator that incorporates a long short-term memory artificial neural network (ANN) model to estimate survival outcomes of PCa according to initial treatment modality. Materials and Methods The validation cohort consisted of clinicopathological data of 4,415 patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven PCa between April 2005 and November 2018 at three institutions. Area under the curves (AUCs) and time-to-event calibration plots were utilized to determine the predictive accuracies of the SCaP Survival Calculator in terms of progression to castration-resistant PCa (CRPC)–free survival, cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS). Results Excellent discrimination was observed for CRPC-free survival, CSS, and OS outcomes, with AUCs of 0.962, 0.944, and 0.884 for 5-year outcomes and 0.959, 0.928, and 0.854 for 10-year outcomes, respectively. The AUC values were higher for all survival endpoints compared to those of the development cohort. Calibration plots showed that predicted probabilities of 5-year survival endpoints had concordance comparable to those of the observed frequencies. However, calibration performances declined for 10-year predictions with an overall underestimation. Conclusion The SCaP Survival Calculator is a reliable and useful tool for determining the optimal initial treatment modality and for guiding survival predictions for patients with newly diagnosed PCa. Further modifications in the ANN model incorporating cases with more extended follow-up periods are warranted to improve the ANN model for long-term predictions.

Factors Influencing Intentions to Care For Emerging Infectious Disease Patients among National and Public Hospitals Nurses / 기본간호학회지

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of nurses' nursing professionalism, moral sensitivity, and social support on intention to care for patients with emerging infectious diseases. @*Methods@#A structured self-report questionnaire was used to measure nursing professionalism, moral sensitivity, social support, and intention to care for patients with emerging infectious diseases. Data were collected from April 9~20, 2019. Participants were 200 nurse nurses working in national and public hospitals. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients, and Multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 24.0 program. @*Results@#The perceived behavioral control (β=.48, p<.001), control beliefs (β=-.26, p<.001), moral sensitivity (β=.23, p<.001), normative beliefs (β=.17, p=.002), subjective norms (β=.17, p=.001), and attitude toward behavior (β=.10, p=.036) were a significant predictor of the intention to care for emerging infectious disease patients (Adj. R2=.65). @*Conclusion@#In order to confidently carry out nursing activities for patients with emerging infectious diseases, sufficient education on the epidemiological characteristics of emerging infectious diseases must be provided and education programs developed and applied with simulation similar to those of actual care for emerging infectious disease patients.

Effects of Head Nurses’ Authentic Leadership, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment Perceived by Newly Licenced Nurses on Turnover Intention / 간호행정학회지

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of head nurses’ authentic leadership, job satisfaction and organizational commitment as perceived by newly licensed nurses and to identify related factors influencing turnover intention. @*Methods@#A descriptive survey study was conducted with survey data collected between September 9 and 27, 2019 from 190 newly licensed nurses. The data was analyzed using statistical methods including descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, independent t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression employing SPSS 24.0. @*Results@#The analysis results show that the turnover intention had positive correlations with the total work experience and work experience with a head nurse, while negative correlations were found with job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The factors affecting the dependent variable of turnover intention were analyzed as the total work experience (β=23, p=.014) and organizational commitment (β=-.68, p<.001). In addition, the explanation ability of turnover intention of newly licensed nurses was 48% (F=36.06, p<.001). @*Conclusion@#The results show that even after their preceptee period, there is a need for systematic long-term job-training programs to enhance the work adaptability and organizational commitment of newly licensed nurses.

The mediating effect of self-regulated learning ability on the relationship between experience of good class and problem solving ability of nursing students / 한국간호교육학회지

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of self-regulated learning ability on the relationship between experiencing a good class and problem solving ability in nursing college students. @*Methods@#A structured self-report questionnaire was used to measure experiencing a good class, self-regulated learning ability, and problem solving ability. During June, 2019, data were collected from 130 nursing students in D city. Data were analyzed using t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple linear regression with SPSS/WIN 23.0. @*Results@#Importance of good class (r=.50, p<.001), satisfaction of good class (r=.42, p<.001), and self-regulated learning ability (r=.71, p<.001) were positively correlated with the problem solving ability of participants. Also, self-regulated learning ability had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between experiencing a good class and problem solving ability. @*Conclusion@#Considering the findings of this study, developing programs that can improve the self-regulated learning ability of nursing students who experience a good class are needed to increase their level of problem solving ability.

The Effect of Self-directed Learning Strategies on e-Learning Pre-learning of Nursing Students: Focusing on the Flow Experience / 기본간호학회지

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of self-directed learning strategies on e-learning pre-learning focusing on the flow experience. @*Methods@#A structured self-report questionnaire was used to measure learning outcome achievement, pre-learning satisfaction, learning persistence, flow experience, and self-directed learning strategies. Data were collected from September 3~7, 2018. Participants were 150 nursing students studying at a university in D city. Data were analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple linear regression with the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. @*Results@#The flow experience had a partial mediating effect between self-directed learning strategies and pre-learning satisfaction (β=.73, p<.001). Also the flow experience had a partial mediating effect between self-directed learning strategies and learning outcome achievement (β=.17, p=.020) and learning persistence (β=.24, p=.001). @*Conclusion@# @*Results@#suggest that flow experience has a positive effect as a mediating effect in the relationship between self-directed learning strategy and pre-learning satisfaction, learning outcome achievement, and learning persistence. Therefore, it is necessary to identify education methods that include flow experience with self-directed learning strategies.

Influence of Perceptions of Death, End-of-Life Care Stress, and Emotional Intelligence on Attitudes towards End-of-Life Care among Nurses in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of perceptions of death, end-of-life (EOL) care stress, and emotional intelligence on attitudes toward EOL care among nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). METHODS: The participants were 111 nurses working in a NICU who had experienced EOL care at least once. Data were analyzed using the t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis in SPSS for Windows. RESULTS: The mean score for perceptions of death was 3.16 out of 5, the mean score for EOL care stress was 3.61 out of 5, the mean emotional intelligence score was 4.66 out of 7, and the average score for EOL care attitudes was 2.77 out of 4. The factors affecting attitudes towards EOL care were academic degree, anxiety regarding death, negativity towards death, experiences of patient death, and emotional intelligence. The explanatory power of these variables for attitudes towards EOL care was 24.7%. CONCLUSION: The results of this study are expected to serve as a basic reference for the development of nursing education programs and EOL care protocols to improve attitudes toward EOL care among NICU nurses.

Factors Affecting the Social Distance toward Older Adults of Nursing Students

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify the factors related to the social distance toward older adults in nursing college students.METHODS: The participants comprised 137 students in a nursing college. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires in March 2019. The measurement instruments included social distance scales, the Fact on Aging Quiz (FAQ I), a 20-item semantic differential scale (to assess attitudes), and the perceived elderly stigma scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson's correlation coefficient, and a multiple regression analysis.RESULTS: The total score for social distance toward older adults was 3.98±0.54 out of a maximum of 5. Social distance had a statistically significant relationship with knowledge (r=.20, p=.022), attitudes toward older adults (r=−.31, p < .001), and elderly stigma (r=−.27 p=.008). The factors affecting social distance were education in geriatrics (β=.33, p=.004), grade (β=-.29, p=.014), attitudes (β=−.21, p=.018), academic major satisfaction (β=.19, p=.028), and knowledge (β=.15, p=.048); the explanatory power of the model was 34%.CONCLUSION: There is a need for departmental efforts that nursing students acquire correct knowledge about the life and health of the elderly with the aging process and develop positive attitudes toward older adults through various experiences in gerontological nursing practicum and community senior-college student link programs.

The Influence of Voice Behavior, Self-esteem and Sexual Knowledge on Sexual Assertiveness of Nursing College Students / 한국간호교육학회지

PURPOSE: The study was done to investigate the influence of voice behavior, self-esteem and sexual knowledge on sexual assertiveness of nursing college students.METHODS: A structured self-report questionnaire was used to measure voice behavior, self-esteem, sexual knowledge and sexual assertiveness. During March, 2019, data were collected from 133 nursing students in D city and G city. Data were analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple linear regression with the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program.RESULTS: Voice behavior and self-esteem were positively correlated with the sexual assertiveness of participants, while voice behavior was positively correlated with the self-esteem of participants. Also, self-esteem was a significant predictor of sexual assertiveness in nursing college students. The predictor explained 12% of their sexual assertiveness.CONCLUSION: The finding indicates that self-esteem is an important factor for sexual assertiveness of nursing students. It is also expected that self-esteem can further promote their sexual assertiveness.

Mediating Effect of Voice Behavior on Relationships between Empathy, Fairness and Intention in Helping Behavior of Nursing Students in Assumed Bullying Situations / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE: The study was done to investigate the mediating effects of voice behavior on the relationships between empathy and fairness and intention in helping behavior of nursing students. METHODS: A structured self-report questionnaire was used to measure empathy, fairness, voice behavior and intention in helping behavior. During November 2018, data were collected from 128 nursing students in D and G cities. Data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple linear regression with the SPSS/WIN 24.0 program. RESULTS: Empathy, fairness and voice behavior were positively correlated with intention in helping behavior of participants and voice behavior was positively correlated with empathy, fairness and intention in helping behavior of participants respectively. Also, voice behavior had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between empathy, fairness and intention in helping behavior. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that empathy and fairness are important factors related to the intention in helping behavior of nursing students. It is also expected that voice behavior can further promote the intention in helping behavior of nursing students.